Get tested

Experts advise all adults ages 18 and older to be checked (screened) at least once for hepatitis C. This is done by a simple blood test to show if you have or ever had hepatitis C. Blood tests look for substances in your blood that are linked to hepatitis C. These tests include:

• Anti-HCV. The body tries to fight hepatitis C by making an antibody called anti-HCV. This substance is found in the blood and means you have been infected at some point by hepatitis C.

• ALT. This is a liver enzyme. Blood may have more ALT if the liver has been damaged.

• Genotype. There are 6 hepatitis C genotypes. A blood test can show which genotype you have. This will affect the type of treatment.

• HCV RNA. Some tests can show pieces of hepatitis C in infected blood. This can confirm that you are currently infected.

The tests listed above are just some that you may have. It's likely that your provider will also order more blood tests.

Looking for liver damage

During an exam, your healthcare provider may feel your abdomen. This is to see if your liver is swollen or painful. Tests may also be done to check your liver for damage. These tests include:

• CT scan. This is a series of X-rays that shows a detailed picture of the liver by making cross-sectional images.

• Fibrosis panel. This blood test can help show how severe the liver disease is.

• Liver biopsy. A needle is used to take a small sample of tissue from the liver. The sample is then viewed under a microscope to look for inflammation and the amount of scar tissue.

• MRI scan. This is a scan where strong magnetic fields and radio waves make images of the liver and blood vessels.

• Ultrasound. This test uses painless sound waves to create a picture of the liver. It can roughly stage your liver disease. Your spleen size and portal vein size may be measured with each exam. A newer type of ultrasound called elastography gives more accurate information about your liver disease.

Checking for other infections

Hepatitis C infection can be more dangerous if you also have certain other viruses. Your healthcare provider may test you for HIV and other types of hepatitis, such as types A and B. If you have not had hepatitis A or B, you may be given vaccines to protect you from getting them in the future.